The global nuclear order and the crisis of the nuclear non-proliferation regime: Taking stock and moving forward

Abstract The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) is a central element of the global nuclear order, primary goal which to prevent war. But this understanding being threatened by number developments. Frustration about lack disarmament and concerns humanitarian consequences weapons led negotiation on Prohibition Weapons (TPNW). new treaty has further exposed existing fault lines within NPT exacerbated unresolved conflicts over proper approach weighting pillars. Currently, disagreements compatibility two treaties TPNW in particular divide membership NPT. At same time, real proliferation cases test regime’s ability act, as norm enforcement regularly hampered interference from great powers. These developments—the absence genuine disarmament, disputes among members, competition between NPT, actual proliferation—are part comprehensive crisis destabilization non-proliferation regime. We argue that three developments are necessary restabilize regime: cooperative resolution power struggles major powers; depolarization inter-group divisions NPT; return principle war prevention common maxim for action.